How many litter boxes does a cat need?
The AAFP/ISFM guidelines recommend one box per cat plus one extra, spread across the home rather than lined up together. In a one-cat home, two boxes in different spots is ideal. Cats can feel guarded about using a box that another cat controls, so several locations reduce conflict.
What size and type of litter box is best?
Choose a box about one and a half times your cat's body length, with low sides or a low entry for kittens, seniors and cats with arthritis. Many cats prefer uncovered boxes because they can see around them and the air stays fresher, though some like privacy. If you use a covered box, clean it more often and watch whether your cat is using it. See our litter box buying guide.
What is the best cat litter?
Most cats prefer unscented, soft, fine-grained clumping litter that feels like sand. Strong perfumes and deep liners can put cats off. Change litter type gradually by mixing the new into the old, and avoid switching suddenly. Keep the depth at about two to three inches, unless your cat prefers less.
Where should I put the litter box?
Pick quiet, easy-to-reach locations with an escape route, away from noisy appliances and from food and water bowls. Avoid dead-end corners where your cat could feel trapped. Keep a box on each floor of a multi-level home, and make sure older cats do not have to climb stairs.
How often should I clean the litter box?
Scoop at least once a day and ideally twice. Empty and wash the box with mild unscented soap and water every one to four weeks depending on the litter, then refill. Avoid strong-smelling disinfectants, which cats dislike.
What if my cat stops using the litter box?
First rule out health problems. Urinating outside the box, straining, or going often can signal urinary tract disease, kidney disease, diabetes or arthritis pain, and a blocked bladder is an emergency, particularly in male cats. If the vet finds no cause, look for stress, a new pet or a dirty box, add more boxes, and clean accidents with an enzymatic cleaner. Never punish your cat. Read more in our health hub and behavior hub.
How do I reduce litter tracking and smell?
Scoop daily, wash the box regularly with mild unscented soap and use a mat at the exit. Keep the depth at about 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.5 cm) and avoid heavily scented litter, which many cats dislike. Good ventilation helps more than perfume.